Wounded

Theodore Castor, Company C

Of 388 men who were wounded while serving in the 3rd Michigan, 335, or more than 86% of the total wounded, suffered gunshot wounds. (pictured: Theodore Castor, lost a leg at the Wilderness on May 5, 1864)

Wounds
Very few were wounded by cannon fire and there were no reports of men being wounded by bayonet although hand-to-hand combat did happen. 

Company I had the highest number of men wounded (48), while Company A had the lowest number (28). 

By engagement: 

• Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 - 92
• Groveton (Second Bull Run), August 31, 1862 - 100
• Chancellorsville, May 5, 1863 - 41
• Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863 - 22
• Mine Run, November 30, 1863 - 9
• Wilderness , May 6, 1864 - 62
• Spotsylvania, May 12, 1864 - 24

In the week of May 5-12, 1864, alone, the Old 3rd Michigan suffered 88 wounded (or nearly 23% of the total wounded). 

• First man wounded was Henry Kampe of Company C, at Germantown, Virginia, on July 17, 1861, the day before the Regiment was engaged at Blackburn’s Ford, near Bull Run.
• Last man wounded in the regiment was Philo Wier of Company G on June 10, 1864; he subsequently died of his wounds on July 1
• Last man wounded in wartime was George D. Hill, while serving as a member of the 1st Michigan cavalry, on April 9, 1865

Disabilities
During the war 434 men were discharged and 40 officers resigned from the 3rd Michigan on account of a disability of one type or another. 

Another 65 men from the Old 3rd who had been consolidated into the 5th Michigan were discharged for disability. 

Altogether some 539 or more than 38% of the total enrolled were discharged for disability. 

At least 42 men suffered the loss of a limb. Some of the more common disabilities reported were:  Asthma, bronchitis, consumption, deafness, dysentery, epilepsy, gunshot, heart disease, hemorrhoids, hernia, measles, pneumonia, rheumatic fever, rheumatism sunstroke, trauma or accident, typhoid fever, varicose veins and venereal disease  

Additional service

Reenlistees
Between late December of 1863 and March of 1864, 206 men reenlisted for three more years of service. Company G had the highest number of reenlistments, 24 (or 13.4% of the total reenlisted). Company B had the lowest with 11 (6.1%). The average reenlistment was 18 per company. 

Transfer and Second Units
Aside from the 362 men who transferred into the 5th Michigan Infantry following consolidation in June of 1864, some 357 Old 3rd Michigan men were either transferred or discharged and reentered the military. 

Of that number 57 would join a third unit. 

At least 195 men entered a second Michigan unit. 

If we add the 357 men who reentered a second unit to the 362 men who were transferred to the 5th Michigan infantry, we arrive at a grand total of 719 men who served in a second unit, or 51% of the overall total of men who served in the Old 3rd Michigan.

Former Old 3rd Michigan soldiers also enlisted in units of other states as well as the federal armed forces:

• 3 in Illinois
• 1 in Indiana
• 1 in Massachusetts
• 1 in Minnesota
• 1 in Missouri
• 1 in New Jersey
• 19 in New York
• 5 in Ohio
• 3 in Pennsylvania
• 3 in Wisconsin
• 47 in the U.S. Army, including 5 in various United States Colored units
• 1 in the U.S. Marine Corps
• 6 in the U.S. Navy
• 90 in the Veterans Reserve Corps

  

Promotions

Five men who began their military career in the 3rd Michigan ended the war as brevet generals: 

• Brigadier General Stephen Champlin began the war as Major
• Brigadier General Moses Houghton began as Captain of Company D
• Brigadier General Israel Smith began as a lieutenant in Company F
• Brigadier General Ambrose Stevens began as Lieutenant Colonel
• Major General Byron R. Pierce began as Captain of Company K (pictured above)

Of these five, only Champlin did not survive the war. 

Of the original Field & Staff:

• Colonel Dan McConnell remained a Colonel
• Lieutenant Colonel Ambrose Stevens became a Brevet Brigadier General
• Major Stephen Champlin became a Brevet Brigadier General
• Quartermaster Robert Collins ended the war as a Captain of Subsistence
• Dr. D. W. Bliss ended the war as a Colonel
• Dr. Zenas Bliss finished the war as Lieutenant Colonel
• Drum Major Valentine Rebhun was discharged for disability and reentered the 19th Michigan infantry 

Of the Musicians who served in the Old 3rd Michigan: 

• 2 would become Captains
• 2 became First Lieutenants
• 1 became a Second Lieutenant

Of the 10 original Captains: 

• Samuel Judd of Company A died a Captain
• Adolph Birkenstock of Company C ended the war a Sergeant
• Byron Pierce of Company K became a Brevet Major General
• Moses Houghton of Company D became a Brevet Brigadier General
• the rest remained captains

Of the 10 original First Lieutenants: 

• 5 became Captains
• 3 remained First Lieutenants
• Charles Spang of Company H ended the war a Private
• Fred Worden of Company F became a Lieutenant Colonel

Of the 9 original Second Lieutenants: 

• Israel Smith of Company E became a Brevet Brigadier General
• William Ryan of Company H became a Major
 2 became Captains
• 2 became First Lieutenants
• 2 remained Second Lieutenants
• George Phillips of Company D ended the war a Sergeant

Of 48 Sergeants: 

• Dan Root of Company K ended the war a Lieutenant Colonel
• Homer Thayer of Company G became a Major
• George Remington of Company F became an Adjutant
• 13 became Captains
• 5 became First Lieutenants
• 6 became Second Lieutenants
• 10 remained Sergeants
• 1 ended the war a corporal
• 9 came out of the war as Privates

Of 78 Corporals: 

• Don Lovell of Company A became a Major
• Peter Weber of Company A became a Major
• Milton Leonard of Company F a Captain
• 8 became Lieutenants
• 8 ended the war as Sergeants
• 27 remained corporals
• 17 ended the war as Privates

Four Privates would become Majors: Emery Moon, Dan Kennicutt, George Nairn, and Michael Long

• 8 privates would become Captains
• 11 became First Lieutenants
• 3 became Second Lieutenants
• 1 was a Naval Ensign.

Curiously, not one man who enlisted in the Old 3rd Michigan after June of 1861 became a commissioned officer.

Prisoners of war

From June of 1861 until April of 1865, and including all other units in which former members of the Old 3rd Michigan served, 135 men were taken prisoner. 

By far the highest number of men in the 3rd Michigan captured was 27 (nearly a quarter of them from Company K) reported for the week between May 5 and May 12, 1864, during the Wilderness-Spotsylvania campaign. 

The next highest number was 19 taken on July 1-2, 1862, at White Oak Swamp and Malvern Hill, Virginia. Ten men were taken on May 3, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 

Nine soldiers were captured on November 30, 1863, at Mine Run, Virginia (with Company C losing 7 men or 77% of the total). 

The regimental average was 10 men per company captured during the war, and the high scorer was Company C with 20. Company G suffered the lowest number of men taken prisoner (3).  

Following consolidation with the 5th Michigan on June 10, 1864, some 24 former members of the 3rd Michigan were taken prisoner on October 27, 1864, at Boydton Plank road, Virginia.  

(pictured above: Theodore Castor of Company C, was wounded in the leg and taken prisoner at the battle of the Wilderness on May 5, 1864.)

Misconduct

LT James D. Bennett

Desertion
During the war at least 131 men were charged with desertion. Nine of those, however, were as a result of the chaos which ensued in wake of the fiasco at First Bull Run, July 21, 1861. 

Straggling probably also accounted for another 44 men who were charged with desertion on or about September 21, 1862, at Upton's Hill, Virginia. (Many of those charges were removed after the war.) 

Of the number charged with actually having deserted we know: 

53 were discharged for disability
5 mustered out of service
3 died of disease
4 listed as No Further Record
21 transferred to the 5th Michigan infantry upon consolidation of the two regiments in June of 1864
3 transferred to U.S. regular army units
6 transferred to the Veterans Reserve Corps (also known as the Invalid Corps)

Court-Martial
During the war 34 men of the Old 3rd Michigan Infantry were court-martialed:
James Ayes
Joseph Badger - sent to the penitentiary
Ambrose Bell
LT James Bennett - cashiered (pictured above)
Charles Birkenstock (while serving in the 5th Michigan Infantry)
John Bissell
LT Almon Borden - cashiered
George Bridgman*
CAPT Emery Bryant
George Clay*
George Cook*
Charles Corey*
Zara Cotton*
George Decker
Charles Finch
Sylvester Gay Charles Henderson Edwin Hoard (while serving in the 5th Michigan Infantry)
Abram Ketchum
Ozias Martin
Abram Martindale
ames Maury - sent to prison
Ben Nestle - branded with a "D" on his hip and drummed out of the army
Moses Newman
Andrew Nickerson
Henry Parker
William Payne*
Abram Shear - sent to the penitentiary
Amos Stockwell
John H. Sumner (while serving in the Reorganized 3rd Michigan Infantry)
William Van Dyke*
William Von Wagner
Elijah Warner
Charles Wright (while serving in the 5th Michigan Infantry) *Probably court-martialed.